HOW VASCULAR & NONVASCULAR TRANSPORT FOOD & WATEREssential Knowledge
It is essential that students be familiar with internal structures of nonvascular and vascular plants and how those structures transport food and water within the plant. Plants are classified into two major groups based on their internal structures. These two groups are vascular and nonvascular. Vascular Plants ● Largest group in the Plant Kingdom. ● Have a well-developed system for transporting water and food; therefore, they have true roots, stems, and leaves. ● Have tube-like structures that provide support and help circulate water and food throughout the plant. ● Xylem transport water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant. ● Phloem transport food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. ● Examples include trees and many shrubs with woody stems that grow very tall and grasses, dandelions, and tomato plants with soft stems. Nonvascular Plants ● Do not have a well-developed system for transporting water and food; therefore, do not have true roots, stems, or leaves. ● Must obtain nutrients directly from the environment and distribute it from cell to cell throughout the plant. As a result, these plants are small in size and grow close to the ground ● Examples include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. Extended Knowledge Students can develop and use models to describe how essential processes (movement of water and food) can be different in vascular and non-vascular plants. Non-vascular ● Water movement by osmosis ● Solutes move by diffusion ● Plants not very large, all parts must be near their water source Vascular ● Plants can be 300’ tall and parts can be distant from water source ● Basic structure of the xylem and phloem ● Adhesion/cohesion of water in the xylem tissue ● Transpiration from leaves as the driving force for water going up ● Diffusion of water from environment to roots ● Vascular tissue provides stiffness and allows some plants such as sequoias to grow to great heights Assessment Guidance The objective of this indicator is to construct explanations related to how the internal structures of vascular and nonvascular plants transport food and water. Therefore, the primary focus of assessment should be for students to construct explanations regarding how the internal structures of nonvascular and vascular plants enable plants to transport food and water. This could include but is not limited to students developing models to describe how xylem and phloem move water, nutrients, sugars, and other key compounds throughout the body of the vascular plant and compare these structures to the way nonvascular plants pass food and water from cell to cell. In addition to construct explanations, students should ask questions; plan and carry out investigations; engage in argument from evidence; obtain, evaluate and communicate information; develop and use models; and construct devices or design solutions.
Group 1Group 2Group 3Pictures from Mrs. Everhart's class: Xylem Dyed Red from the Food Coloring Drawing It UP the Stem & Mass differences when there are no leaves on the celery.
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6.L.5B.1 Construct explanations of how the internal structures of vascular and nonvascular plants transport food and water.
Classifying Plant Groups Video
Vascular and Nonvascular Plant Foldables
Check out this evidence of xylem in plants!
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